{"id":5693,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:44","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/cast-a-midb\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T09:59:29","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T09:59:29","slug":"mid-midbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/cs\/mid-midbs\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00c1ST a MIDB"},"content":{"rendered":"

Popis funkc\u00ed \u010c\u00c1ST a MIDB<\/h2>\n

Funkce \u010c\u00c1ST<\/strong> (v anglick\u00e9 verzi Microsoft Excel zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako MID<\/strong>) a MIDB<\/strong> se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro extrakci ur\u010dit\u00e9ho pod\u0159et\u011bzce z textov\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce, po\u010d\u00ednaje zadan\u00fdm m\u00edstem a ur\u010den\u00fdm po\u010dtem znak\u016f. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi funkcemi \u010c\u00c1ST a MIDB spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed d\u00e9lku znak\u016f: \u010c\u00c1ST pova\u017euje ka\u017ed\u00fd znak za jednotku bez ohledu na jeho bajtovou velikost, zat\u00edmco MIDB se zam\u011b\u0159uje na po\u010det bajt\u016f, co\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s datab\u00e1zemi a syst\u00e9my vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi dvojbajtov\u00e9 znakov\u00e9 sady, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad japon\u0161tina.<\/p>\n

Syntaxe a pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Syntaxe pro \u010c\u00c1ST<\/strong> (MID):<\/p>\n

=\u010c\u00c1ST(text; start_num; num_znak\u016f)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • text<\/strong> je textov\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec, z n\u011bho\u017e chcete z\u00edskat pod\u0159et\u011bzec.<\/li>\n
  • start_num<\/strong> ur\u010duje pozici, na kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 extrakce pod\u0159et\u011bzce (\u010d\u00edslov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 od 1).<\/li>\n
  • num_znak\u016f<\/strong> ozna\u010duje, kolik znak\u016f chcete z textov\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce extrahovat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Syntaxe pro MIDB<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
    =MIDB(text; start_num; num_bajt\u016f)<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \n
    • text<\/strong> – stejn\u011b jako u \u010c\u00c1ST.<\/li>\n
    • start_num<\/strong> – stejn\u011b jako u \u010c\u00c1ST.<\/li>\n
    • num_bajt\u016f<\/strong> ur\u010duje po\u010det bajt\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 obsahovat extrahovan\u00fd pod\u0159et\u011bzec. To je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro texty ve v\u00edcebajtov\u00fdch znakov\u00fdch sad\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      P\u0159\u00edklady pou\u017eit\u00ed v praxi<\/h2>\n
      N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady ilustruj\u00ed praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto funkc\u00ed:<\/p>\n
      V\u00fdb\u011br \u010d\u00e1sti emailov\u00e9 adresy<\/h3>\n
      P\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee m\u00e1te ve sloupci A seznam emailov\u00fdch adres a chcete extrahovat u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na (\u010d\u00e1st p\u0159ed znakem \u201e@\u201c). P\u0159i adrese uzivatel@example.com<\/code> byste cht\u011bli z\u00edskat \u201euzivatel\u201c.<\/p>\n
      =\u010c\u00c1ST(A1; 1; HLEDAT(\"@\"; A1) - 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
      V tomto p\u0159\u00edkladu funkce \u010c\u00c1ST extrahuje text od prvn\u00edho znaku a\u017e do pozice, kde funkce HLEDAT najde \u201e@\u201c. Proto\u017ee HLEDAT vr\u00e1t\u00ed pozici znaku \u201e@\u201c, ode\u010dteme 1, aby byla vr\u00e1cena pouze \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159ed znakem \u201e@\u201c.<\/p>\n
      Rozd\u011blen\u00ed \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9ho k\u00f3du na \u010d\u00e1sti<\/h3>\n
      M\u011bjme k\u00f3d produktu ve tvaru \u201e1234-5678\u201c a cht\u011bli bychom extrahovat \u010d\u00e1st k\u00f3du za poml\u010dkou.<\/p>\n
      =\u010c\u00c1ST(A2; HLEDAT(\"-\"; A2) + 1; D\u00c9LKA(A2) - HLEDAT(\"-\"; A2))<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Zde funkce HLEDAT ur\u010duje pozici poml\u010dky a p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 1, aby extrakce za\u010dala hned za poml\u010dkou. D\u00e9lka extrahovan\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce je ur\u010dena rozd\u00edlem celkov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky \u0159et\u011bzce a pozice poml\u010dky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      Vr\u00e1t\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010det znak\u016f textov\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce po\u010d\u00ednaje zadan\u00fdm m\u00edstem<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5693","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-textove"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFunkce MID, MIDBs (\u010c\u00c1ST a MIDB) v Excelu: jak funguje, primjeri kori\u0161tenja formule<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Opis funkcije MID, MIDBs (\u010c\u00c1ST a MIDB) u Excelu i Google tablicama. 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