{"id":5830,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/switch\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T10:04:12","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T10:04:12","slug":"switch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/cs\/switch\/","title":{"rendered":"SWITCH"},"content":{"rendered":"

Excel a Google Sheets disponuj\u00ed \u0159adou funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 u\u017eivatel\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pracovat s daty efektivn\u011bji a pohodln\u011bji. Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bchto n\u00e1stroj\u016f je funkce SWITCH<\/strong>, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed volit v\u00fdstupy na z\u00e1klad\u011b hodnoty vstupu. Tato funkce je velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed rozhodovac\u00edch struktur v tabulk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017eit\u00ed a syntaxe funkce<\/h2>\n

Funkce SWITCH<\/code> zapo\u010dne srovn\u00e1n\u00edm zadan\u00e9ho vstupn\u00edho v\u00fdrazu s definovan\u00fdmi hodnotami a p\u0159i shod\u011b vr\u00e1t\u00ed p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00fd v\u00fdstup. Pokud neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 shoda, funkce m\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1le vr\u00e1tit v\u00fdchoz\u00ed hodnotu, kter\u00e1 je definovan\u00e1 jako posledn\u00ed argument ve funkci.<\/p>\n

 SWITCH(v\u00fdraz, hodnota1, v\u00fdsledek1, [hodnota2, v\u00fdsledek2, ...], [v\u00fdchoz\u00ed])<\/code> <\/pre>\n
    \n
  • v\u00fdraz<\/strong>: Hodnota, kter\u00e1 se hodnot\u00ed a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/li>\n
  • hodnota1, hodnota2, …<\/strong>: P\u0159edem nastaven\u00e9 hodnoty, se kter\u00fdmi se v\u00fdraz srovn\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/li>\n
  • v\u00fdsledek1, v\u00fdsledek2, …<\/strong>: V\u00fdsledky odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed shod\u00e1m s porovn\u00e1van\u00fdmi hodnotami.<\/li>\n
  • v\u00fdchoz\u00ed<\/strong>: Nepovinn\u00fd argument ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdstup, pokud nen\u00ed nalezena \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 shoda. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee v\u00fdchoz\u00ed hodnota nen\u00ed uvedena a nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed ke shod\u011b, funkce vyhod\u00ed chybu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed funkce:<\/p>\n
     =SWITCH(A1, 1, \"Jedna\", 2, \"Dv\u011b\", \"Nen\u00ed zad\u00e1no\")<\/code> <\/pre>\n
    V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, pokud bu\u0148ka A1 obsahuje hodnotu 1, funkce vr\u00e1t\u00ed „Jedna“. Obsahuje-li hodnotu 2, vr\u00e1t\u00ed „Dv\u011b“. V ostatn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech vr\u00e1t\u00ed „Nen\u00ed zad\u00e1no“.<\/p>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklady z praxe<\/h2>\n
    Funkce SWITCH<\/code> lze pou\u017e\u00edt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch situac\u00edch pro rozli\u0161en\u00ed kategori\u00ed nebo sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f:<\/p>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklad 1: Kategorizace v\u011bkov\u00fdch skupin<\/h3>\n
    M\u00e1me tabulku s v\u011bkov\u00fdmi kategoriemi:<\/p>\n
     =SWITCH(B1, \"0-18\", \"D\u011bti\", \"19-35\", \"Mlad\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed\", \"36-55\", \"Dosp\u011bl\u00ed\", \"56-99\", \"Senio\u0159i\", \"Nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 kategorie\")<\/code> <\/pre>\n
    Tato funkce ur\u010duje kategorii na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u011bkov\u00e9 skupiny zadan\u00e9 ve sloupci B. Pokud hodnota ve sloupci B neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z definovan\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed, je vr\u00e1cen v\u00fdsledek „Nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 kategorie“.<\/p>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklad 2: Hodnocen\u00ed student\u016f<\/h3>\n
    V \u0161kolstv\u00ed se \u010dasto u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u00edsmenov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed:<\/p>\n
     =SWITCH(C1, 1, \"V\u00fdborn\u00fd\", 2, \"Chvalitebn\u00fd\", 3, \"Dobr\u00fd\", 4, \"Dostate\u010dn\u00fd\", 5, \"Nedostate\u010dn\u00fd\", \"Chyba hodnoty\")<\/code> <\/pre>\n
    Zde C1 obsahuje \u010d\u00edslo reprezentuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti studenta a funkce p\u0159i\u0159ad\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed textov\u00fd popis. „Chyba hodnoty“ slou\u017e\u00ed jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed hodnota pro p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy hodnocen\u00ed nele\u017e\u00ed v uveden\u00e9m rozsahu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Porovn\u00e1 hodnotu v\u00fdrazu se seznamem hodnot a\u00a0jako v\u00fdsledek vr\u00e1t\u00ed prvn\u00ed shodnou hodnotu Pokud nenajde \u017e\u00e1dnou shodu, m\u016f\u017ee vr\u00e1tit volitelnou v\u00fdchoz\u00ed hodnotu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[285],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-logicke"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFunkce SWITCH v Excelu: jak funguje, primjeri kori\u0161tenja formule<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Opis funkcije SWITCH u Excelu i Google tablicama. 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