{"id":5841,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:44","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/funkce-tdist\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T10:04:33","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T10:04:33","slug":"tdist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/cs\/tdist\/","title":{"rendered":"TDIST"},"content":{"rendered":"

Funkce TDIST je v Excelu a Google Sheets pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k v\u00fdpo\u010dtu pravd\u011bpodobnosti Studentova t-rozd\u011blen\u00ed, co\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed hypot\u00e9z o nezn\u00e1m\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru populace v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je vzorek mal\u00fd a nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m rozptyl populace. Tato funkce nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oborech, v\u010detn\u011b finan\u010dnictv\u00ed, stavebnictv\u00ed a v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Stru\u010dn\u00fd popis a syntaxe<\/h2>\n

Syntaxe funkce je v MS Excel a Google Sheets stejn\u00e1:<\/p>\n

=TDIST(x, stupn\u011b_volnosti, chvosty)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • x:<\/strong> Hodnota t-statistiky, pro kterou se pravd\u011bpodobnost vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1.<\/li>\n
  • stupn\u011b_volnosti:<\/strong> Ur\u010duje po\u010det stup\u0148\u016f volnosti, co\u017e musej\u00ed b\u00fdt cel\u00e1 kladn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla.<\/li>\n
  • chvosty:<\/strong>\n
      \n
    • 1 – reprezentuje v\u00fdpo\u010det pravd\u011bpodobnosti pouze pro prav\u00fd konec (jednostrann\u00fd test).<\/li>\n
    • 2 – reprezentuje v\u00fdpo\u010det pravd\u011bpodobnosti pro oba konce distribuce (dvojstrann\u00fd test).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      Praktick\u00e1 aplikace<\/h2>\n
      P\u0159\u00edklad 1: Testov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011bru<\/h2>\n
      Uva\u017eujme situaci, \u017ee jako mana\u017eer kvality zkoum\u00e1te, zda pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hmotnost v\u00fdrobn\u00edho produktu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 stanoven\u00e9 norm\u011b 100 kg. Vzorek 25 produkt\u016f m\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brnou hmotnost 103 kg a standardn\u00ed odchylku 10 kg.<\/p>\n
      Pr\u016fm\u011br vzorku = 103 Pr\u016fm\u011br populace = 100 Standardn\u00ed odchylka = 10 Velikost vzorku = 25 Stupn\u011b volnosti = 24 <\/code><\/pre>\n
      T-statistiku vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me takto:<\/p>\n
      (Pr\u016fm\u011br vzorku - Pr\u016fm\u011br populace) \/ (Standardn\u00ed odchylka \/ sqrt(Velikost vzorku)) = (103 - 100) \/ (10 \/ sqrt(25)) = 3 \/ 2 = 1.5 <\/code><\/pre>\n
      Pro jednostrann\u00fd test pou\u017eijeme funkci TDIST:<\/p>\n
      =TDIST(1.5, 24, 1) <\/code><\/pre>\n
      V\u00fdsledek n\u00e1m \u0159ekne pravd\u011bpodobnost, s jakou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pr\u016fm\u011br rozd\u00edln\u00fd od 100 kg, pokud je skute\u010dn\u00e1 hodnota skute\u010dn\u011b 100 kg.<\/p>\n
      P\u0159\u00edklad 2: Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed dvou nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch vzork\u016f<\/h2>\n
      Biotechnologi\u010dt\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci mohou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1t t-testy k porovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dink\u016f dvou l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f. Nech\u0165 t-test vyprodukoval t-statistiku -2.23 s 30 stupni volnosti.<\/p>\n
      =TDIST(ABS(-2.23), 30, 2) <\/code><\/pre>\n
      Tento v\u00fdpo\u010det poskytne p-hodnotu pro dvojstrann\u00fd test, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee rozd\u00edly v \u00fa\u010dinnosti l\u00e9k\u016f mohou b\u00fdt n\u00e1hodn\u00e9. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p-hodnota znamen\u00e1 siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fkaz proti nulov\u00e9 hypot\u00e9ze, kter\u00e1 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee mezi l\u00e9ky nen\u00ed rozd\u00edl.<\/p>\n
      Uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady ukazuj\u00ed, jak m\u016f\u017eete efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt funkci TDIST k hodnocen\u00ed statistick\u00e9 v\u00fdznamnosti ve va\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdze nebo v\u00fdrobn\u00edch procesech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      Vr\u00e1t\u00ed hodnotu Studentova t-rozd\u011blen\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[289],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kompatibilita"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFunkce TDIST v Excelu: jak funguje, primjeri kori\u0161tenja formule<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Opis funkcije TDIST u Excelu i Google tablicama. 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