{"id":5856,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/t-test\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T10:05:10","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T10:05:10","slug":"t-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/cs\/t-test\/","title":{"rendered":"T.TEST"},"content":{"rendered":"

Popis a syntaxe statistick\u00e9 funkce pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed hypot\u00e9z<\/h2>\n

Statistick\u00e1 funkce, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v Microsoft Excelu a v Google Tabulk\u00e1ch k proveden\u00ed dvouv\u00fdb\u011brov\u00e9ho t-testu (t-test student\u016f), je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro porovn\u00e1n\u00ed dvou soubor\u016f dat, aby se zjistilo, zda se jejich pr\u016fm\u011bry v\u00fdznamn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed. Je to u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 funkce pro anal\u00fdzu dat, kdy\u017e m\u00e1me dv\u011b skupiny hodnot a chceme testovat hypot\u00e9zu, zda ob\u011b skupiny poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze stejn\u00e9 populace s ohledem na jejich st\u0159edn\u00ed hodnotu. <\/p>\n

Syntaxe v MS Excelu a Google Tabulk\u00e1ch vypad\u00e1 n\u00e1sledovn\u011b: <\/p>\n

T.TEST(array1, array2, tails, type)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • array1<\/code> – Prvn\u00ed sada datovan\u00fdch hodnot.\n
  • array2<\/code> – Druh\u00e1 sada datovan\u00fdch hodnot.\n
  • tails<\/code> – Specifikuje po\u010det stran testu: 1 pro jednostrann\u00fd test nebo 2 pro oboustrann\u00fd test.\n
  • type<\/code> – Typ t-testu: 1 pro p\u00e1rov\u00fd t-test, 2 pro nez\u00e1visl\u00fd t-test s rovnom\u011brn\u00fdm rozptylem, 3 pro nez\u00e1visl\u00fd t-test s nerovnom\u011brn\u00fdm rozptylem. <\/ul>\n
     Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud m\u00e1me dv\u011b skupiny dat A1:A10<\/code> a B1:B10<\/code> a chceme prov\u00e9st oboustrann\u00fd nez\u00e1visl\u00fd t-test s nerovnom\u011brn\u00fdm rozptylem, z\u00e1pis bude vypadat takto: <\/p>\n
    T.TEST(A1:A10, B1:B10, 2, 3)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed funkce v anal\u00fdze dat<\/h2>\n
    \u00dakol 1: Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f dvou skupin student\u016f<\/h3>\n
     P\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee jste u\u010ditel a m\u00e1te v\u00fdsledky test\u016f dvou t\u0159\u00edd, kter\u00e9 u\u010d\u00edte. Chcete zjistit, zda existuje statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00fd rozd\u00edl ve v\u00fdkonnosti mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma t\u0159\u00eddami. <\/p>\n
     Pro tento \u00fakol array1<\/code> m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sk\u00f3re prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy a array2<\/code> sk\u00f3re druh\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy. Uva\u017eujeme dv\u011bstrann\u00fd t-test (p\u0159edpoklad nerozumn\u011bnosti), proto pou\u017eijeme: <\/p>\n
    T.TEST(A2:A31, B2:B31, 2, 2)<\/code><\/pre>\n
     Tento p\u0159\u00edkaz vr\u00e1t\u00ed p-hodnotu, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m \u0159ekne, zda jsou rozd\u00edly ve sk\u00f3rech mezi t\u0159\u00eddami statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9. Pokud je p-hodnota men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,05 (obvykl\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v\u00fdznamnosti), m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee rozd\u00edly ve v\u00fdsledc\u00edch jsou v\u00fdznamn\u00e9. <\/p>\n
    \u00dakol 2: Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinku nov\u00e9 metodiky v\u00fduky<\/h3>\n
     M\u011bjme v\u00fdsledky test\u016f skupiny student\u016f p\u0159ed a po zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdukov\u00e9 metody. C\u00edlem je zjistit, zda byla nov\u00e1 metodika \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1. <\/p>\n
     Zde pou\u017eijeme p\u00e1rov\u00fd t-test, proto\u017ee srovn\u00e1v\u00e1me stejnou skupinu p\u0159ed a po zm\u011bn\u011b. <\/p>\n
    T.TEST(C2:C21, D2:D21, 1, 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
     Pokud je zvolen jednostrann\u00fd test (hled\u00e1me zlep\u0161en\u00ed, nikoli jakoukoliv zm\u011bnu), p-hodnota poskytne informaci o tom, zda nov\u00e1 v\u00fdukov\u00e1 metoda m\u011bla signifikantn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek na v\u00fdsledky student\u016f. <\/p>\n
     V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech, pokud je p-hodnota ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,05, pova\u017eujeme v\u00fdsledky za statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 a m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ijmout alternativn\u00ed hypot\u00e9zu o rozd\u00edlech mezi skupinami. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Vr\u00e1t\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost spojenou se Studentov\u00fdm t-testem<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[287],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-statisticke"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFunkce T.TEST v Excelu: jak funguje, primjeri kori\u0161tenja formule<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Opis funkcije T.TEST u Excelu i Google tablicama. 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