{"id":5890,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/z-test\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T10:06:20","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T10:06:20","slug":"z-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/cs\/z-test\/","title":{"rendered":"Z.TEST"},"content":{"rendered":"

Funkce Z.TEST<\/strong>, dostupn\u00e1 jak v Google Sheets, tak v Microsoft Excel, slou\u017e\u00ed k ur\u010den\u00ed jednostrann\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobnosti z oblasti Z rozd\u011blen\u00ed, co\u017e je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, zda se pozorovan\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od hypotetick\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru populace. Tato funkce nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v oblastech jako statistika, anal\u00fdza kvality, finance a v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum.<\/p>\n

Popis a syntaxe funkce<\/h2>\n

Syntaxe funkce Z.TEST<\/strong> je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n

 Z.TEST(array, x, [sigma]) <\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • array<\/strong> – Pole nebo rozsah dat, reprezentuj\u00edc\u00ed vzorek ze z\u00e1kladn\u00ed populace.<\/li>\n
  • x<\/strong> – Hypotetick\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br populace, proti kter\u00e9mu testujeme.<\/li>\n
  • sigma<\/strong> – Voliteln\u00fd parametr, ud\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed standardn\u00ed odchylku populace. Pokud nen\u00ed specifikov\u00e1n, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se odhadnut\u00e1 standardn\u00ed odchylka z dat vzorku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Funkce vr\u00e1t\u00ed p-hodnotu, kter\u00e1 ozna\u010duje pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br populace je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzorkov\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1-li se pravdivost nulov\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy.<\/p>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklady vyu\u017eit\u00ed<\/h2>\n
    Zde jsou dva praktick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady aplikace funkce Z.TEST<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklad 1: Analyzov\u00e1n\u00ed odchylek ve prodej\u00edch<\/h2>\n
    P\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee m\u00e1me data o denn\u00edm prodeji produktu za posledn\u00edch 30 dn\u00ed a pot\u0159ebujeme zjistit, zda se re\u00e1ln\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd prodej v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru 100 jednotek na den. Zde jsou data:<\/p>\n
     Data o prodeji: [95, 102, 99, 110, 101, 102, 97, 100, 101, 96, 99, 103, 101, 97, 95, 104, 100, 101, 98, 102, 103, 105, 101, 99, 96, 98, 100, 104, 97, 99] O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br: 100 jednotek\/den <\/code><\/pre>\n
    Pou\u017eijeme Z.TEST s daty a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdm pr\u016fm\u011brem:<\/p>\n
     Z.TEST(B2:B31, 100) <\/code><\/pre>\n
    V\u00fdsledek funkce poskytne p-hodnotu, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee rozhodnout, zda existuje statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi pozorovan\u00fdmi a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi hodnotami prodej\u016f.<\/p>\n
    P\u0159\u00edklad 2: Hodnocen\u00ed efektivity v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu<\/h2>\n
    P\u0159edstavte si zam\u011bstnance v\u00fdrobn\u00ed firmy, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 za \u00fakol zjistit, zda nov\u00e1 technologie zv\u00fd\u0161ila pr\u016fm\u011brnou efektivitu stroj\u016f. K dispozici m\u00e1 data o efektivit\u011b 15 stroj\u016f p\u0159ed a po zaveden\u00ed technologie:<\/p>\n
     Efektivita p\u0159ed: [78, 80, 82, 79, 81, 80, 83, 84, 82, 81, 79, 78, 83, 80, 81] Efektivita po: [85, 86, 88, 84, 87, 89, 85, 86, 87, 88, 85, 86, 84, 87, 89] Hypotetick\u00e1 efektivita: 82 <\/code><\/pre>\n
    Pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu efektivity pou\u017eijeme Z.TEST:<\/p>\n
     Z.TEST(B2:B16, 82) <\/code><\/pre>\n
    Tato funkce umo\u017en\u00ed analyzovat, jestli jsou zm\u011bny v efektivit\u011b po zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9 technologie statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9.<\/p>\n
    V obou p\u0159\u00edkladech, pokud je p-hodnota men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0.05, existuje d\u016fvod pro zam\u00edtnut\u00ed nulov\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy, co\u017e nazna\u010duje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi zkouman\u00fdmi daty.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Vr\u00e1t\u00ed jednostrannou hodnotu pravd\u011bpodobnosti z-testu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[287],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-statisticke"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFunkce Z.TEST v Excelu: jak funguje, primjeri kori\u0161tenja formule<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Opis funkcije Z.TEST u Excelu i Google tablicama. 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