{"id":6438,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/chisq-test\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T08:03:11","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T08:03:11","slug":"chisq-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/chisq-test\/","title":{"rendered":"CHISQ.TEST"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction au Test du Chi-deux<\/h2>\n

Le test du Chi-deux (\u03c7\u00b2) est une m\u00e9thode statistique couramment utilis\u00e9e pour examiner si les diff\u00e9rences entre les fr\u00e9quences observ\u00e9es et les fr\u00e9quences th\u00e9oriques attendues dans une table de contingence sont statistiquement significatives. Cette fonction est largement exploit\u00e9e dans Microsoft Excel et Google Sheets pour l’analyse des variables cat\u00e9gorielles.<\/p>\n

Syntaxe et exemples<\/h2>\n

Dans Microsoft Excel et Google Sheets, la fonction est nomm\u00e9e CHISQ.TEST<\/code>. Voici comment elle se pr\u00e9sente :<\/p>\n

CHISQ.TEST(obs, exp)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • obs<\/strong> : la plage de cellules contenant les fr\u00e9quences observ\u00e9es.<\/li>\n
  • exp<\/strong> : la plage de cellules contenant les fr\u00e9quences th\u00e9oriques attendues.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Exemple :<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Consid\u00e9rons un tableau de contingence avec les fr\u00e9quences observ\u00e9es et attendues suivantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/th>\nObserv\u00e9es<\/th>\nAttendues<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    A<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Pour r\u00e9aliser le test du Chi-deux dans Excel ou Google Sheets, entrez les donn\u00e9es observ\u00e9es et attendues dans deux plages adjacentes, puis appliquez la formule :<\/p>\n
     =CHISQ.TEST(A2:A4, B2:B4)<\/code> <\/p>\n
    Applications pratiques de la fonction<\/h2>\n
    Test de l’ind\u00e9pendance<\/h2>\n
    Dans le cadre d’une \u00e9tude sur la pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence de marque, supposez que vous disposez de donn\u00e9es pour deux marques selon deux groupes d\u00e9mographiques diff\u00e9rents. Le test du Chi-deux peut servir \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer si la pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour une marque est ind\u00e9pendante de l’appartenance \u00e0 un groupe d\u00e9mographique.<\/p>\n
    Table de donn\u00e9es :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
    Groupe\/Marque<\/th>\nMarque 1<\/th>\nMarque 2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    Groupe 1<\/td>\n200<\/td>\n150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Groupe 2<\/td>\n180<\/td>\n170<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Calcul des fr\u00e9quences attendues :<\/strong> Les fr\u00e9quences attendues sont d\u00e9termin\u00e9es en prenant la somme des lignes et des colonnes, puis en divisant par le total g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. Par exemple, pour le Groupe 1 et la Marque 1, la fr\u00e9quence attendue est :<\/p>\n
     ((350)(380)\/500)<\/code> <\/p>\n
    Apr\u00e8s avoir calcul\u00e9 les fr\u00e9quences attendues pour chaque cellule, utilisez la formule :<\/p>\n
     =CHISQ.TEST(A2:B3, C2:D3)<\/code> <\/p>\n
    o\u00f9 A1:B3 contient les fr\u00e9quences observ\u00e9es et C2:D3, les fr\u00e9quences attendues.<\/p>\n
    Test d’ad\u00e9quation<\/h2>\n
    Le test d’ad\u00e9quation du Chi-deux peut \u00e9valuer si un jeu de donn\u00e9es observ\u00e9es se conforme \u00e0 une distribution th\u00e9orique sp\u00e9cifique, comme v\u00e9rifier si les ventes suivent une distribution normale.<\/p>\n
    Processus :<\/strong> Rassemblez la distribution des fr\u00e9quences observ\u00e9es et comparez-les aux fr\u00e9quences th\u00e9oriques bas\u00e9es sur la distribution cible.<\/p>\n
    Utilisez ces fr\u00e9quences pour ex\u00e9cuter la fonction comme indiqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment.<\/p>\n
    Ces exemples montrent comment le test du Chi-deux peut \u00eatre strat\u00e9giquement utilis\u00e9 dans l’analyse de vos donn\u00e9es, permettant de tirer des conclusions significatives sur l’ind\u00e9pendance ou l’ad\u00e9quation des distributions des variables \u00e9tudi\u00e9es.<\/p>\n
     This revised HTML content maintains all technical information while enhancing the clarity, fluency, and professionalism of the text in French.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Renvoie le test d\u2019ind\u00e9pendance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[315],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-statistiques"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFonction CHISQ.TEST dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction CHISQ.TEST d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. 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