{"id":6676,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/matrice-unitaire\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T08:10:41","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T08:10:41","slug":"munit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/","title":{"rendered":"MATRICE.UNITAIRE"},"content":{"rendered":"

La fonction MATRICE.UNITAIRE (ou MUNIT en anglais) dans Excel est essentielle pour ceux qui manipulent des matrices en alg\u00e8bre lin\u00e9aire. Elle g\u00e9n\u00e8re une matrice identit\u00e9 de dimension sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9e. Une matrice identit\u00e9 est un type sp\u00e9cial de matrice carr\u00e9e o\u00f9 tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la diagonale principale sont 1, et les autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments sont 0.<\/p>\n

Description de la Syntaxe<\/h2>\n

La syntaxe de MATRICE.UNITAIRE est la suivante :<\/p>\n

=MATRICE.UNITAIRE(taille)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • taille<\/strong> : C’est un argument num\u00e9rique qui d\u00e9termine la dimension de la matrice. Par exemple, si taille = 3, la fonction renvoie une matrice 3×3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Exemples d’utilisation<\/h2>\n
    Voici un exemple simple de l’utilisation de cette fonction :<\/p>\n
    =MATRICE.UNITAIRE(3)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Cette commande produit la matrice suivante :<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
    1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Applications Pratiques<\/h2>\n
    Multiplication de Matrices avec une matrice unitaire<\/h2>\n
    Dans cet exemple, nous utilisons MATRICE.UNITAIRE pour montrer que la multiplication d’une matrice quelconque par une matrice identit\u00e9 laisse la matrice originale inchang\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
    Consid\u00e9rons la matrice A suivante :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    4<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    -5<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Nous cherchons \u00e0 prouver que A * I = A, o\u00f9 I est la matrice identit\u00e9 de dimension ad\u00e9quate, soit 2 dans notre cas :<\/p>\n
    =PRODUITMAT(A1:B2, MATRICE.UNITAIRE(2))<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Cette formule reproduit la matrice A, d\u00e9montrant ainsi la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de l’identit\u00e9 multiplicative :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    4<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    -5<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Simplification des Calculs en Alg\u00e8bre Lin\u00e9aire<\/h2>\n
    En alg\u00e8bre lin\u00e9aire, la matrice identit\u00e9 est fr\u00e9quemment utilis\u00e9e pour simplifier les expressions et les calculs. Par exemple, pour r\u00e9soudre l’\u00e9quation matricielle AX = B, o\u00f9 A est une matrice inversible, la solution X est souvent calcul\u00e9e comme suit :<\/p>\n
    X = A^-1 * B<\/code><\/pre>\n
    En utilisant MATRICE.UNITAIRE, nous pouvons v\u00e9rifier que :<\/p>\n
    A * A^-1 = MATRICE.UNITAIRE(dim(A))<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Ici, \u00ab\u00a0dim(A)\u00a0\u00bb repr\u00e9sente la dimension de la matrice A, prouvant que le produit de A par son inverse aboutit \u00e0 la matrice identit\u00e9, une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 fondamentale dans les calculs matriciels.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Renvoie la matrice unitaire ou la dimension sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[310],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mathematiques-et-trigonometrie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. Syntaxe d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et exemples pratiques d'utilisation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. Syntaxe d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et exemples pratiques d'utilisation.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Function Translator\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-15T13:34:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-02-26T08:10:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"glavadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"glavadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/\",\"name\":\"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-15T13:34:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-02-26T08:10:41+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#\/schema\/person\/87663eece497ca58643166ecb09f1389\"},\"description\":\"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. Syntaxe d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et exemples pratiques d'utilisation.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Fonctions Excel\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Math\u00e9matiques et trigonom\u00e9trie\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/mathematiques-et-trigonometrie\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"MATRICE.UNITAIRE\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/\",\"name\":\"Function Translator\",\"description\":\"Excel function translator\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#\/schema\/person\/87663eece497ca58643166ecb09f1389\",\"name\":\"glavadmin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ccd9347c5339db75deede5a8c5b2bf1d40e0bce26a5251fcaac6331d381db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ccd9347c5339db75deede5a8c5b2bf1d40e0bce26a5251fcaac6331d381db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"glavadmin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/author\/glavadmin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe","description":"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. Syntaxe d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et exemples pratiques d'utilisation.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe","og_description":"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. Syntaxe d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et exemples pratiques d'utilisation.","og_url":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/","og_site_name":"Function Translator","article_published_time":"2025-07-15T13:34:48+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-02-26T08:10:41+00:00","author":"glavadmin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"glavadmin","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/","url":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/","name":"Fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-07-15T13:34:48+00:00","dateModified":"2021-02-26T08:10:41+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#\/schema\/person\/87663eece497ca58643166ecb09f1389"},"description":"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction MUNIT (MATRICE.UNITAIRE) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. Syntaxe d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et exemples pratiques d'utilisation.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/munit\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Fonctions Excel","item":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Math\u00e9matiques et trigonom\u00e9trie","item":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/mathematiques-et-trigonometrie\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"MATRICE.UNITAIRE"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#website","url":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/","name":"Function Translator","description":"Excel function translator","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#\/schema\/person\/87663eece497ca58643166ecb09f1389","name":"glavadmin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/no\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ccd9347c5339db75deede5a8c5b2bf1d40e0bce26a5251fcaac6331d381db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ccd9347c5339db75deede5a8c5b2bf1d40e0bce26a5251fcaac6331d381db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"glavadmin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/functiontranslator.com"],"url":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/author\/glavadmin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6676"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29687,"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6676\/revisions\/29687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}