{"id":6823,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/test-student\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T08:15:42","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T08:15:42","slug":"ttest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/ttest\/","title":{"rendered":"TEST.STUDENT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction \u00e0 la fonction de test de Student<\/h2>\n

La fonction TEST.STUDENT dans Microsoft Excel et la fonction TTEST dans Google Sheets permettent de d\u00e9terminer si les moyennes de deux \u00e9chantillons sont statistiquement diff\u00e9rentes. Ces fonctions sont essentielles pour l’analyse de donn\u00e9es o\u00f9 la comparaison des moyennes de deux groupes est cruciale pour tirer des conclusions significatives.<\/p>\n

Syntaxe et exemples<\/h2>\n

La syntaxe de la fonction TEST.STUDENT dans Microsoft Excel est :<\/p>\n

TEST.STUDENT(array1, array2, tails, type)<\/code><\/pre>\n
O\u00f9 :<\/p>\n
    \n
  • array1<\/code> et array2<\/code> sont les ensembles de donn\u00e9es \u00e0 analyser.<\/li>\n
  • tails<\/code> indique le nombre de queues pour le test (1 ou 2), ce qui d\u00e9finit s’il s’agit d’un test unilat\u00e9ral ou bilat\u00e9ral.<\/li>\n
  • type<\/code> d\u00e9termine le type de test t (1 = variances \u00e9gales, 2 = variances in\u00e9gales, 3 = test sur des moyennes de paires de donn\u00e9es).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Dans Google Sheets, la fonction TTEST poss\u00e8de une syntaxe similaire :<\/p>\n
    TTEST(array1, array2, tails, type)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Elle utilise les m\u00eames param\u00e8tres que dans Excel.<\/p>\n
    Exemples d’utilisation<\/h2>\n
    Imaginons que nous avons les r\u00e9sultats de tests pour deux groupes et que nous souhaitons \u00e9valuer si leurs performances sont statistiquement diff\u00e9rentes.<\/p>\n
    Donn\u00e9es groupe 1 : 45, 47, 53, 50, 49 Donn\u00e9es groupe 2 : 38, 34, 30, 35, 33<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Le code Excel pour un test t ind\u00e9pendant avec variances \u00e9gales serait :<\/p>\n
    =TEST.STUDENT(A1:A5, B1:B5, 2, 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Cette formule calcule la probabilit\u00e9 que les deux \u00e9chantillons proviennent de populations aux moyennes \u00e9quivalentes.<\/p>\n
    Dans Google Sheets, le m\u00eame test peut \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9 comme suit :<\/p>\n
    =TTEST(A1:A5, B1:B5, 2, 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Sc\u00e9narios pratiques d’utilisation<\/h2>\n
    Sc\u00e9nario 1: Comparaison de deux m\u00e9thodes d’enseignement<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Deux m\u00e9thodes p\u00e9dagogiques diff\u00e9rentes, A et B, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 appliqu\u00e9es s\u00e9par\u00e9ment \u00e0 deux groupes d’\u00e9tudiants. Les r\u00e9sultats obtenus apr\u00e8s un test sont :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Groupe A<\/th>\nGroupe B<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    78, 85, 84, 90<\/td>\n68, 75, 70, 72<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Un test t est utilis\u00e9 pour \u00e9valuer l’efficacit\u00e9 relative des m\u00e9thodes :<\/p>\n
    =TEST.STUDENT(A1:A4, B1:B4, 2, 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Une p-valeur inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 0.05 indiquerait une diff\u00e9rence significative entre les m\u00e9thodes d’enseignement.<\/p>\n
    Sc\u00e9nario 2: Test de la m\u00eame machine avec deux r\u00e9glages diff\u00e9rents<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Une machine est test\u00e9e avec deux r\u00e9glages distincts pour en examiner les effets sur la production. Les r\u00e9sultats sont les suivants :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    R\u00e9glage 1<\/th>\nR\u00e9glage 2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    120, 122, 123, 127, 130<\/td>\n116, 117, 115, 119, 122<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    Le test t permet de comparer les rendements produits :<\/p>\n
    =TEST.STUDENT(A1:A5, B1:B5, 2, 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Une p-valeur basse confirmerait une diff\u00e9rence significative en faveur de l’un des r\u00e9glages.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Renvoie la pRobabilit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e \u00e0 un test T de Student<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[317],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-compatibilite"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFonction TTEST (TEST.STUDENT) dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction TTEST (TEST.STUDENT) d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. 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