{"id":6856,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/z-test\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T08:16:43","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T08:16:43","slug":"z-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/fr\/z-test\/","title":{"rendered":"Z.TEST"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le test Z dans MS Excel et Google Sheets est une fonction statistique utilis\u00e9e pour d\u00e9terminer si la moyenne d’un \u00e9chantillon diff\u00e8re significativement de la moyenne connue d’une population, en supposant une distribution normale. Cette fonction est particuli\u00e8rement utile dans les domaines de la recherche et des \u00e9tudes statistiques o\u00f9 il est n\u00e9cessaire de comparer des observations \u00e0 une norme pr\u00e9-\u00e9tablie.<\/p>\n

Syntaxe et exemples<\/h2>\n

La syntaxe de la fonction test Z dans MS Excel est :<\/p>\n

=Z.TEST(matrice; moyenne; \u00e9cart_type_standard)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • matrice<\/strong> : La plage de cellules contenant les donn\u00e9es d\u2019\u00e9chantillon.<\/li>\n
  • moyenne<\/strong> : La moyenne de la population \u00e0 comparer \u00e0 la moyenne de l’\u00e9chantillon.<\/li>\n
  • \u00e9cart_type_standard<\/strong> (optionnel) : L’\u00e9cart-type standard de la population. S’il n’est pas fourni, la fonction utilise l’\u00e9cart type de l’\u00e9chantillon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Pour Google Sheets, la syntaxe est tr\u00e8s similaire :<\/p>\n
    =ZTEST(matrice; moyenne; \u00e9cart_type_standard)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Exemple :<\/strong> Imaginons que vous ayez les r\u00e9sultats des tests de 10 \u00e9l\u00e8ves et que vous vouliez v\u00e9rifier si ces r\u00e9sultats sont significativement diff\u00e9rents de la moyenne nationale, qui est 75.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Score des \u00e9l\u00e8ves<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    78<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    82<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    74<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    65<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
    La formule pour calculer le test Z dans Excel serait :<\/p>\n
    =Z.TEST(A1:A10; 75)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Dans Google Sheets, elle serait :<\/p>\n
    =ZTEST(A1:A10, 75)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Applications pratiques<\/h2>\n
    Sc\u00e9nario 1 :<\/strong> Comparaison des performances de vente<\/p>\n
    Supposons que vous soyez un directeur des ventes et que vous vouliez tester si la moyenne des ventes de ce mois est significativement diff\u00e9rente de celle de l’ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. Les chiffres de l’ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente montrent une moyenne des ventes mensuelles de 10 000 \u20ac.<\/p>\n
      \n
    • Donn\u00e9es des ventes de ce mois : 10250, 9900, 9780, 10050, 10400.<\/li>\n
    • Moyenne de l’ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente : 10000 \u20ac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      La formule Excel serait :<\/p>\n
      =Z.TEST(B1:B5; 10000)<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Cette formule vous permettra de d\u00e9terminer si les performances de vente de ce mois diff\u00e8rent statistiquement de celles de l’ann\u00e9e pass\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
      Sc\u00e9nario 2 :<\/strong> Test d’une nouvelle m\u00e9thode d’enseignement<\/p>\n
      Un coll\u00e8ge exp\u00e9rimente une nouvelle m\u00e9thode d’enseignement en math\u00e9matiques. La moyenne acad\u00e9mique habituelle est de 70 points. Apr\u00e8s l’application de la nouvelle m\u00e9thode, l’\u00e9cole veut v\u00e9rifier si les scores ont significativement chang\u00e9.<\/p>\n
        \n
      • Scores avec la nouvelle m\u00e9thode : 72, 69, 71, 74, 76, 73, 68, 75.<\/li>\n
      • Moyenne historique : 70 points.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        La formule Google Sheets pour ce test serait :<\/p>\n
        =ZTEST(C1:C8, 70)<\/code><\/pre>\n
        Cette fonction Z.TEST simplifie grandement l’analyse statistique, permettant ainsi de prendre des d\u00e9cisions \u00e9clair\u00e9es bas\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es comparatives.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        Renvoie la valeuR de pRobabilit\u00e9 unilat\u00e9Rale d\u2019un test Z<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[315],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-statistiques"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFonction Z.TEST dans Excel : comment \u00e7a marche, exemples et syntaxe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pr\u00e9sentation de la fonction Z.TEST d\u2019Excel et Google Sheets. 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