{"id":10485,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:50","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/ipmt\/"},"modified":"2021-02-26T05:19:10","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T05:19:10","slug":"ipmt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/pl\/ipmt\/","title":{"rendered":"IPMT"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Opis i sk\u0142adnia funkcji obliczaj\u0105cej odsetki od raty kredytu<\/h2>\n<p>Funkcja <code>IPMT<\/code> umo\u017cliwia obliczanie odsetek p\u0142atnych przy danej racie kredytu lub po\u017cyczki w okre\u015blonym okresie. Jest to narz\u0119dzie nieocenione podczas prowadzenia analiz finansowych, szczeg\u00f3lnie przy amortyzacji kredyt\u00f3w. Funkcja ta jest dost\u0119pna zar\u00f3wno w Microsoft Excel, jak i w Google Arkuszach, a jej sk\u0142adnia prezentuje si\u0119 nast\u0119puj\u0105co:<\/p>\n<pre><code>=IPMT(stopa_procentowa, numer_raty, ilo\u015b\u0107_rat, warto\u015b\u0107_obecna, [warto\u015b\u0107_przysz\u0142a], [typ])<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>stopa_procentowa<\/strong> &#8211; oprocentowanie kredytu za jeden okres rozliczeniowy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>numer_raty<\/strong> &#8211; numer raty, dla kt\u00f3rej obliczane s\u0105 odsetki; gdzie 1 to pierwsza rata, 2 to druga, itd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ilo\u015b\u0107_rat<\/strong> &#8211; ca\u0142kowita liczba rat kredytu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>warto\u015b\u0107_obecna<\/strong> &#8211; pocz\u0105tkowa kwota kredytu lub po\u017cyczki.<\/li>\n<li><strong>warto\u015b\u0107_przysz\u0142a<\/strong> (opcjonalnie) &#8211; oczekiwana warto\u015b\u0107 kredytu po zap\u0142aceniu ostatniej raty (domy\u015blnie ustawione na 0).<\/li>\n<li><strong>typ<\/strong> (opcjonalnie) &#8211; okre\u015bla, czy p\u0142atno\u015bci s\u0105 dokonywane na pocz\u0105tku (1) czy na ko\u0144cu (0) okresu (standardowo 0).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Przyk\u0142ady praktycznego zastosowania<\/h2>\n<p>Oto dwa przyk\u0142ady, kt\u00f3re ilustruj\u0105, jak mo\u017cna wykorzysta\u0107 funkcj\u0119 <code>IPMT<\/code> w praktycznych zastosowaniach:<\/p>\n<h3>Zadanie 1: Obliczenie odsetek od kredytu mieszkaniowego<\/h3>\n<p>Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy, \u017ce uzyskali\u015bmy kredyt mieszkaniowy na kwot\u0119 300,000 z\u0142 na okres 20 lat, z oprocentowaniem rocznym na poziomie 4%. Chcemy obliczy\u0107, ile odsetek zap\u0142acimy od pierwszej raty.<\/p>\n<pre><code>=IPMT(4%\/12, 1, 20*12, 300000)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>W tym przypadku, <code>stopa_procentowa<\/code> to 4% rocznie podzielone przez 12 miesi\u0119cy, <code>numer_raty<\/code> to 1, <code>ilo\u015b\u0107_rat<\/code> to 240 (20 lat razy 12 miesi\u0119cy), a <code>warto\u015b\u0107_obecna<\/code> to 300,000 z\u0142.<\/p>\n<h3>Zadanie 2: Analiza zmian odsetek w czasie<\/h3>\n<p>Rozwa\u017cmy kredyt got\u00f3wkowy na 50,000 z\u0142 z roczn\u0105 stop\u0105 procentow\u0105 5% na okres 5 lat. Chcieliby\u015bmy przeanalizowa\u0107, jak b\u0119d\u0105 zmienia\u0142y si\u0119 odsetki miesi\u0105c po miesi\u0105cu w ci\u0105gu pierwszego roku sp\u0142aty.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Miesi\u0105c<\/th>\n<th>Odsetki<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><code>=IPMT(5%\/12, 1, 5*12, 50000)<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><code>=IPMT(5%\/12, 2, 5*12, 50000)<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><code>=IPMT(5%\/12, 3, 5*12, 50000)<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&#8230;<\/td>\n<td>&#8230;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td><code>=IPMT(5%\/12, 12, 5*12, 50000)<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Ten fragment tabeli ukazuje, jak precyzyjnie mo\u017cna obliczy\u0107 odsetki za ka\u017cdy miesi\u0105c pierwszego roku sp\u0142aty, dostosowuj\u0105c numer_raty.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zwraca wysoko\u015b\u0107 p\u0142atno\u015bci odsetek dla inwestycji za dany okres<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[424],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-finansowe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Funkcja IPMT w Excelu \u2013 jak dzia\u0142a, przyk\u0142ady u\u017cycia i sk\u0142adnia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Opis funkcji IPMT w Excelu. 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