{"id":15384,"date":"2025-07-15T13:34:53","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T13:34:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/sure\/"},"modified":"2021-02-25T16:26:11","modified_gmt":"2021-02-25T16:26:11","slug":"duration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/functiontranslator.com\/tr\/duration\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00dcRE"},"content":{"rendered":"

Microsoft Excel ve Google Sheets, finansal analizlerde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli de\u011ferli fonksiyonlara sahip iki pop\u00fcler elektronik tablo uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, bu uygulamalarda mevcut olan “DURATION” (S\u00fcre) fonksiyonunun i\u015fleyi\u015fi, kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 ve i\u015flevselli\u011fi \u00fczerine odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z. DURATION fonksiyonu, bir tahvilin vadesine kadar olan s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde, tahvilin nakit ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n zaman de\u011ferine g\u00f6re a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 ortalamas\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu fonksiyon, \u00f6zellikle yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131rken tahvil getirilerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde son derece \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Fonksiyonun S\u00f6zdizimi ve Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n

DURATION fonksiyonunun genel s\u00f6zdizimi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n

  DURATION(settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, [basis]) <\/code> <\/pre>\n
    \n
  • settlement<\/b>: Tahvilin al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da i\u015flem tarihi.<\/li>\n
  • maturity<\/b>: Tahvilin vadesinin dolma tarihi.<\/li>\n
  • coupon<\/b>: Tahvilin y\u0131ll\u0131k kupon faiz oran\u0131.<\/li>\n
  • yld<\/b>: Tahvilin y\u0131ll\u0131k getiri oran\u0131.<\/li>\n
  • frequency<\/b>: Y\u0131ll\u0131k kupon \u00f6deme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (1 = y\u0131ll\u0131k, 2 = yar\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k, 4 = \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k).<\/li>\n
  • basis<\/b> (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131): G\u00fcn say\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi (0 = ABD (NASD) 30\/360, 1 = Ger\u00e7ek\/Ger\u00e7ek, 2 = Ger\u00e7ek\/360, 3 = Ger\u00e7ek\/365, 4 = Avrupa 30\/360).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u00d6rnek kullan\u0131m:<\/p>\n
      =DURATION(\"2023-01-01\", \"2028-01-01\", 0.05, 0.07, 2, 0) <\/code> <\/pre>\n
    Bu \u00f6rnekte, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flay\u0131p 2028 y\u0131l\u0131nda sona eren, y\u0131ll\u0131k %5 kupon oran\u0131 ve %7 getiri oran\u0131na sahip bir tahvilin s\u00fcresi hesaplanmaktad\u0131r. Kupon \u00f6demeleri yar\u0131y\u0131l baz\u0131nda yap\u0131lmakta ve Amerikan (30\/360) g\u00fcn say\u0131m y\u00f6ntemi tercih edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
    Ger\u00e7ek D\u00fcnya Senaryolar\u0131nda Uygulamalar\u0131<\/h2>\n
    DURATION fonksiyonunu kullanman\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131m ve finansal analizlerde birka\u00e7 pratik yolu bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bunlardan iki \u00f6rnek:<\/p>\n
    Portf\u00f6y Risk Y\u00f6netimi<\/h2>\n
    Tahvil yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, portf\u00f6ylerinin faiz oran\u0131 riskine kar\u015f\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla DURATION fonksiyonundan faydalanabilirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, de\u011fi\u015fik vade tarihleri ve kupon oranlar\u0131na sahip tahvillerin s\u00fcrelerini hesaplayarak yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi durumunda portf\u00f6ylerinin nas\u0131l tepki verece\u011fini de\u011ferlendirebilirler.<\/p>\n
      =DURATION(\"2023-01-01\", \"2033-01-01\", 0.04, 0.06, 2, 0) <\/code> <\/pre>\n
    Optimal Tahvil Se\u00e7imi<\/h2>\n
    Yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, portf\u00f6ylerine ekleyecekleri tahvillerin s\u00fcrelerini hesaplayarak risk-getiri dengesini optimize edebilirler. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcreli tahviller, faiz oran\u0131 art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n riskine kar\u015f\u0131 daha az duyarl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, k\u0131sa vadeli i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir yat\u0131r\u0131m tercihi olabilir. Uzun s\u00fcreli tahviller ise genellikle daha y\u00fcksek getiri sunar, ancak faiz oran\u0131 riskine daha a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
      =DURATION(\"2023-01-01\", \"2025-01-01\", 0.03, 0.05, 2, 0) <\/code> <\/pre>\n
    Bu ve benzeri hesaplamalar yaparak yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, piyasadaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere g\u00f6re en uygun tahvil se\u00e7imlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Belli aral\u0131klarla faiz \u00f6demesi yapan bir tahvilin y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcresini verir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[578],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-finansal"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nExcel'de DURATION (S\u00dcRE) Fonksiyonu: Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, Kullan\u0131m \u00d6rnekleri<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Excel ve Google E-Tablolar'da DURATION (S\u00dcRE) fonksiyonunun detayl\u0131 incelemesi. 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